Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and...

The Cambridge Introduction to the 19th-Century American Novel, the traditional sentimental novel’s storyline focuses around a young woman finding her way through life, usually without the support of a conventional family. The women overcome life’s hardships, and â€Å"the key to these women’s triumphs lies in their achievement of self-mastery† (Cane 113). According to Gregg Cane, these didactic novels are targeted at young women to instill the idea that a domestic home, marriage, and family are what construct a morally good woman. The plot is used to extract an emotional reaction from the audience. Nina Baym describes all sentimental novels as having the same plot, In essence, [they are] the story of a young girl who is deprived of the†¦show more content†¦Wilson’s novel takes place in the supposedly free north, and she uses the sentimental novel outline to expose the truth about the free north, and like Brent, connect herself to her audience. Both women portray their stories using the sentimental novel so that they can reach out to a white, female audience, and at the same time subvert their audience’s reality in order to reveal how similar slaves and free women are, and fight for freedom. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl was first published in 1861, around the same time the civil war began. Francis Smith Foster notes that Jacobs takes conventional antebellum literary methods, the adored sentimental novel, and uses them to familiarize herself with her audience, while at the same time modifies them â€Å"in order to accommodate her testimony as she tests her readers’ abilities to accept and act upon that test imony† (97). Foster also sums up how closely Jacob’s story follows the sentimental outline, Incidents reads like a story of pursuit and evasion, one full of heroes and villains, of bright young men claiming the freedom to seek their fortunes and of desperate maidens trying to preserve their virtue, of mothers trying to protect their children and of the hardworking poor trying to survive the greed and exploitation of the powerful and wealthy. (163) Jacobs positions herselfShow MoreRelated Three Women Writers: A Study in Virtue and Christianity of the 18th and 19th centuries2420 Words   |  10 Pagesculture. This website is devoted to three women who, like Morrison and Angelou, have aided in the formation and development of the African American literary tradition, but often remain unremembered in todays society. Phillis Wheatley, Harriet Jacobs, and Harriet Wilson have all made valuable contributions in the forms of poetry, narrative, and fiction to the early stages of a growing literary tradition. Although these women portrayed different viewpoints, utilized different writing styles, and wroteRead MoreFreedom, Without Qualification Is An Important Piece Of `` Americana ``1595 Words   |  7 PagesFreedom’s complicated nature becomes an important topic when comparing the free and enslaved black women in three antebellum narratives: Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Melton A. McLaurin’s Celia, a Slave, and Harriet E. Wilson’s Our Nig. Freedom is obviously preferable to enslavement—this fact is indisputable. Millions of male and female slaves risked their lives to escape slavery; no free person of color wanted to be enslaved. However, merely saying â€Å"freedom† without qualificationRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance By Zora Neale Hurston925 Words   |  4 Pagesthey never lived in her hometown. Nevertheless, upon leaving Eatonville, the protagonist began losing her identity as â€Å"Zora,† instead, she was recognized as only being â€Å"a little colored girl† (1041). Hurston’s nickname â€Å"Zora† represents her individuality and significance; whereas, the name â€Å"a little colored girl† was created by a white society to belittle her race and gender (1041). Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God further demonstrates the author’s perspective of colored women. The mainRead More The Legacy of Perceptions of Interracial Relationships as Demonstrated in Late 19th and Early 20th Century Black Literature and Events2089 Words   |  9 Pagesunder the institution of slavery, our understanding of them is necessarily beset with dominance, violence, and rape. Interracial relationships and the children they produced became another manifestation of power relationships between whites and blacks in our contorted social atmosphere. Even to the present day, interracial relationships are often looked upon as being propelled by impure motives and compounded by the social dynamics that have been inherited in our culture. Literature Events

Objectives Of The Millennium Development Goals - 1478 Words

The project Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the goals made by all the United Nations member which design for addressing extreme poverty in many dimensions. The Millennium development Goals has drawn attention to 191 countries with eight international development goals in order to cutting the amount of extreme poverty worldwide in half within a set of time on 2015. The MDGs contain the goals of extreme poverty in income, education, gender equality, hunger, disease and environmental sustainability. The eight goals are focus on different section the eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development. The aim of this essay is critical discuss the design and the progress of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of each goals, and discu ss the aspects of development stipulated by the MDGs; as well as identify the different countries which have been the most or least successful in achieving the MDGs, discuss the factors contributed or inhibited those countries within particular examples and academic researches. Finally, give reasons about the MDGs should be achieved by 2015, and will be combined with conclusion within on the success or failure of the MDGs. Generally, the MDGs eight goals can be classified into three main typesShow MoreRelatedMillennium Development Goals And Objectives Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesFor this reason, the Millennium Development Goals, also known as Millennium Development Goals, were created by leaders of 189 different nations in the year 2000. Millennium Development Goals were originally set in place to better the lives of the world’s poorest people (Millennium Development Goal Achievement Fund, 2015). The Millennium Development Goals are considered to be the world’s â€Å"quantified targets for addressing extreme poverty in its many dimensions†(UN Millennium Project, 2006). Yet, mostRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Millennium Development Goals are eight international development goals that have been established by the United Nations (UN) in 2000. Due to the United Nations Millennium Declaration, all 193 countries are 23 internatio nal organizations must be committed to help achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. There were 191 countries that have attended the UN meeting and have agreed to help achieve the goals that are to reduce poverty, focus on health, improved education, and the protectionRead MoreThe Objectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1521 Words   |  7 PagesThe Millennium Development Goals are a blueprint that was agreed on by the nations of the world to meet the needs of the world’s poor and are to be achieved by 2015. They are to eliminate poverty globally in all its forms. These goals are continually checked through their indicators that determine how much progress has been made. Reports have been done to keep track of progress. The United Nations partners with many agencies, governments, donors and regional commissions in the achievement of theRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1523 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Millennium Development Goals are a blueprint that was agreed on by the nations of the world to meet the needs of the world’s poor and are to be achieved by 2015. They are to eliminate poverty globally in all its forms. These goals are continually checked through their indicators that determine how much progress has been made. Reports have been done to keep track of progress. The United Nations partners with many agencies, governments, donors and regional commissions in the achievementRead MoreIndicators of of Progress and Development950 Words   |  4 Pagesaccepted as key indicators of progress and development till the first half of the twentieth century. This was a preoccupation of classical economists. But in present century there is a great conflict, which relates development with equality, growth without equitable distribution and prosperity alongside rising gender inequalities. None of which are natural but rather influenced by social and cultural factors. There is need to broaden the concept of development to encompass the overall well-being of peopleRead MoreIs The Best Method For Development Sustainable Development Goals?1490 Words   |  6 Pagespaper pertains to the notion that the best method for development is to set clear, measurable goals such as the Millennium Development Goals. In particular, I will first discuss the arguments supporting and questioning this assertion from a number of authors. I will then consider the question of whether or not this model should be replicated for the next generation of efforts, which are starting to become known as the Sustainable Development Goals. Overall, I will argue that, while it is true that thereRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals Been A Success? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pageswhat extent have the Millennium Development Goals been a success? Student Number: 1546031 Word Count: 1488 Words In the year 2000, at the Millennium Summit of the United Nations every member state of the UN at the time agreed to help in achieving eight goals that targeted areas such as poverty, education, gender equality, disease and more. Each goal had its own specific targets as well as dates for achieving those targets. Since many of the goals expire on December 31Read MoreTo What Extent Have the Millennium Development Goals Been a Success?1743 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent have the Millennium Development Goals been a success? by Name Presented to: Instructor Course Institution City Date Introduction The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) provide a comprehensive framework through which the society can address pressing issues of poverty. The MDGs are made up of eight major objectives, which are all related to global development. In 2000, 189 world leaders signed a Millennium Declaration. The leaders set 2015 asRead MoreThe Success of Millennium Development Goals Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesstart of the new millennium, the UNO took a very positive initiative in setting a target year in which eight of the world’s most critical problems had to be resolved. The Millennium Summit as it was named was focused on making sure that the world becomes a better place to live in where some of the global problems are eradicated by the countries helping each other. The summit set forth eight goals which were to be achieved by 2015 and named them as the Millennium Development Goals. This was a veryRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals ( Mdgs ) Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pages The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were established in 2000 to determine, focus on and put into action steps that will fight eight key areas to help underdeveloped countries. The eight targeted areas which are poverty, education, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health, disease, the environment and global partnership place attention on areas that will help the improvement and betterment of underdeveloped countries. MDGs goals and objectives are clear and concise with a development

Governmental Techniques In The Ancient World Essay Example For Students

Governmental Techniques In The Ancient World Essay Throughout history, many techniques have been used for organizing society. Experimentation with different styles primarily took place in the ancient Mediterranean world. Athenian democracy, Hebrew temple state, Hellenic city-states, Hellenistic kingdoms, the Roman Republic, and the Christian Roman Empire were all major forms of governance, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. To determine which of these forms was successful, it is impotent to look at each forms chronological development. Hebrew State OriginThe Hebrew State began as a loose confederation of twelve tribes. A tribes elders ruled it, and while there was intermarriage between tribes, there was no real political connection. They shared common religion, language and culture, however they did not owe allegiance to one ruler. The roots of the Hebrew tribes lay in myth. Jacob, a patriarch of Judaism, is said to have had twelve sons, each of whom begot a tribe of people. Taking into account the legendary characteristics of each son, each tribe had specific traits. For example, the tribe of Levy were the priests of the Jews. They owned no land, and survived on the tithes of the people. The tribe of Dan were a seafaring people; their ancestral land lay on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. These twelve groups of people were by no means one nation, they raided each other occasionally, and there were often disputes as to boundaries and land rights. In the eleventh century B.C.E., an outside threat, eminent invasion by the Philistines, drove the Hebrews to formalize their tribal ties under one leader, Saul. With the defeat of the Philistines, Saul managed to keep control over the tribes, unifying them for his successor, the warrior-poet David. Saul and David had forged the beginnings of a kingdom that would see its true glory in the tenth century B.C.E., under Davids son Solomon. Under Solomon, the Temple State truly emerged. Until now, there were two main reasons the Hebrews had stayed together: outside threats, and monotheistic belief in Yahweh. Monotheism as a StateSolomon, the most powerful king of the Hebrews shared their belief in monotheism or belief in one god above all others. The Hebrews were the first people known to believe in the existence of a single, omnipotent god. Their religion was dominant in their lives, as they had rules and regulations for every conceivable situation. The Torah, their holy works, was very specific in the manner in which their lives were conducted. With the rigidity of their religion, it was relatively easy for Solomon to secure his power base in Israel. He built a lavish central temple in his capital, Jerusalem, and secured control over the dominant class, the Levies, or priests. With the new City of God, Solomon ushered in a period of peace and prosperity for the kingdom of Israel. The Fall of the Hebrew StateAs is often the case when a state is control by a strong personality, the Hebrew States glory was short lived. With Solomons death, succession problems and favoritism tore the realm apart. Ten of the original twelve tribes organized their own state, called Israel. Israel fell to Assyrian invaders 200 years later. The dispersion of the tribes to various parts of the Assyrian Empire led to their assimilation. They were subsequently labeled The Lost Tribes.The remaining two tribes, Judah, Solomons tribe, and Levy, the priests, formed the significantly smaller state of Judah. In 586 B.C.E., 386 years after the death of Solomon, Judah fell to the Chaldeans. The Chaldeans deported the Jews to Babylon, and thus the Jews lost their statehood. Strengths and WeaknessesIsraels primary strength lay in her peoples religion. The monotheistic Jews were a people apart from the world. Nowhere else, at the time, did people worship a single god. They were distinct from the world, and that difference unified them. Unfortunately for the Jews, their monotheism also affected their view of government. They looked to Solomon almost as a representative of their God, with his death; they were without their real leader. While he lived the Jews were strong and prosperous; without him they were divided by petty problems. Child Abuse EssayBy the close of the third century B.C.E. the commoners, or plebians, had won some measure of governmental control form the patricians. Theoretically, the plebians could check the patrician rule through there own Tribunal Assembly. Plebians could win any governmental office, intermarry with patricians, and were no longer sold into slavery to pay off debt. In aculeate, Rome was still an oligarchy, ruled by a select few of the patrician class. Rome, led by the oligarchy, embarked on a series of conquests that led to the complete Roman domination of Italy. With a much larger land and population base, Rome became a major world power. After a series of reactive wars with the North African city-state Carthage, the Roman Republic was the greatest power in the western Mediterranean. For defensive reasons, Rome seized the Antigonid kingdom of Macedon and Greece. Eventually, Rome conquered all of the Hellenistic kingdoms in the interest of state security. This meteoric expansion, completed around 146 B.C.E., was the ultimate downfall of the Roman Republic. Several leaders attempted to thwart the senatorial process and gain personal power for themselves, for a wide variety of reasons. Finally in 49 B.C.E., Julius Caesar was appointed dictator, or absolute ruler. Caesar began to consolidate his rule, making government less dependant on provincial governors, establishing a public works program, and assisting the poor and landless. Strengths of the Roman RepublicThe Roman Republics primary strength lay in its citizens. Its armies were comprised of Roman men, fighting to protect their home. Its government was Roman men who felt that they had a direct effect on everyday life. Despite the control of the oligarchy, and ultimately the dictator Caesar, Romans felt responsible for themselves and their state. The only real weakness of the Roman Republic was its inability to govern without the immediate threat of invasion. Without that threat, class divisions were felt most harshly. As long as they had a common goal, patrician and plebian could work together. The Christian Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire replaced the Roman Republic with the assassination of Julius Caesar. Caesars adopted nephew, Octavian became the first Roman Emperor. Octavian further solidified the centrality of Roman rule, making the emperor the focus of the government. With further expansion, however, the Empire grew much less controllable. One man in Rome could not successfully orchestrate the daily tasks of such a huge state. Provincial governors regained some element of rule, weakening the Roman state. Christianity did not have a profound impact on the Roman rule. If anything Roman rule had a profound impact on Christianity. Christianity expanded along Roman lines of power from an upstart Jewish sect, to a world power all its own. The Empire died, but Christianity still flourishes today. Strengths of the Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire was able to rule more efficiently than the Roman republic, with only one real ruler, his word was law. The Senate remained, but purely as a figurehead position. Even as the Empire brought about stability it contributed to the dry rotting from within. The corruption that spread throughout the bureaucracy, the increasing dependence on mercenary soldiers and the rampaging hordes of barbarian tribes proved to be too much for the Empire to withstand. Characteristics of SuccessFor a system of government to labeled a success, it must meet two major requirements: it must administrate its territory effectively until the accepted end of its dynasty, and it must be able to withstand more than one generation of citizens. Of the civilizations reviewed, only Athens, Sparta and Rome fit the characteristics of a successful government.

R.G. Bury. Timaeus The Loeb Classical Library, Vol. IX. Cambridge, Ma

R.G. Bury. Timaeus: The Loeb Classical Library, Vol. IX. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1989. Plato's Timaeus was written in an attempt to make sense of the beginnings of time, of the world, as we know it. It is an attempt to describe how the world came into being. It is important to note that even Plato states that this is only a "likely account"(53). Nonetheless, it is an excellent summary of Platonic philosophy and was extremely influential in later years over the ancient and mediaeval world. To the modern reader, such as a college student, it proves to be quite obscure and repulsive, but interesting just the same. Plato first argues that since the sensible world "is that which is becoming always and never existent"(49) it must have come to be. Therefore, the world must have some for of cause, a cause to be. He refers to the cause as "the maker and father of the universe"(51) as well as the "Mind"(109) and "God"(127) later in the work. It is very common to hear Plato's god referred to as the Demiurge, which literally means craftsman. Now then, since the Demiurge was depicted as good, he desired "that, so far as possible, all things should be good and nothing evil"(55). This is where Plato begins to describe the qualities of the universe that the Demiurge is creating. The deductions that Plato makes involving the forming of the universe shows his optimism concerning humankind. He views humankind as formed for the greater good of the universe. The world created by the Demiurge is alive, intelligent, eternal, and good, and therefore it is a "blessed god"(65). It just so happens that along with the influence of the Demiurge there was another factor at work. Plato refers to this as "the Errant Cause"(111). It is apparent that this other principle could be likened to the mother of the cosmos, sense the Demiurge was the father. Plato affirms that there must be forms, because mind or reason and true belief are different and thus, must have different objects. The things of significant importance that exist according to Pl ato are the forms, which are perceived by the mind alone. Also, sensible objects, which are the images that the forms have created. Lastly, the receptacle, which is actually space that has no mind of its own and is apprehended "by a kind of bastard reasoning by the aid of non-sensation, barely an object of belief"(123). Plato's Timaeus is quite possibly the hardest book that I have had to read sense I took Philosophy at the University of South Carolina. Its language is very difficult to get accustomed to. Although, after settling in with this artistic type of language that has apparently vanished from this present world that we find ourselves in, the work proves to a most interesting read. To read any of the classics from this time period (Critias, Phaedo, Parmenides, the Sophist, the Republic) is to step back into the minds of the early thinkers, the rogues of higher knowledge. Being that I am very much a Christian and hence a creationist, I obviously cannot agree with this particular creation story. However, I can marvel at the literary wonder of Plato's style of writing. It is important that I point out the significance of this work to the psychologist. Plato contemplates the mind-body problem in this work. This problem has plagued the psychologist sense the very beginning. As we can see from Pla to's writings, this problem bother people even before the first psychologist emerged.

Seven Essential Ingredients of a Good Working Relationship

Seven Essential Ingredients of a Good Working Relationship While it’s not always easy to get along with your coworkers, it’s a worthwhile endeavor: good working relationships are more important than ever in today’s increasingly collaborative work environments. Unfortunately, this can sometimes be easier said than done. It’s not impossible, however. Get a proactive jump on forming positive workplace relationships by implementing these seven simple yet productive methods. 1. Communication CountsOpen lines of communication are critical to all relationships - both in and out of the office. Different people have different needs and preferences. Understanding your co-workers’ needs and delivering on them can help you not only enjoy a better working relationship, but also maximize productivity.Does he/she prefer email, phone or face-to-face meetings? Are daily check-ins preferable to weekly updates? Establishing ground rules for how and when you’ll communicate eliminates confusion, irritation, and other ne gative emotions in the workplace.2. Show RespectJust as your work is your top priority, so are your fellow co-workers’ roles and responsibilities of equal priority to them. Be on time to meetings, treat everyone with courtesy, and honor the time and space of others.3. Be PositiveWhile there’s a time and place for venting, the workplace during work hours is not it. Avoid complaining about your boss and co-workers on the job. Not only does this damage others’ perception of you as a professional person, but it also promote a culture of negativity.Rather than becoming part of the problem, commit to becoming part of the solution. If workplace problems are prevalent, brainstorm ideas toward their solution. This is far more productive than griping to anyone who will listen and risking your own reputation in the process.4. Listen UpEveryone has the potential to make a difference in the workplace - regardless of level or position. Encourage and welcome ideas from others , and refrain from disparaging or belittling them.This doesn’t mean you have to accept and implement bad ideas, but it does mean treating people - and their ideas - with the same courtesy with which you’d want to be treated.Plus, you never know when someone’s idea will turn into an unexpected solution for an ongoing challenging.5. Speak UpYou have a unique set of knowledge, expertise and ideas. Sharing these with your team members not only has potential to make positive change, but also gives your co-workers a better sense of who you are and what you have to offer.In addition to sharing your ideas, it’s also essential to share your gratitude. If a fellow employee has helped out with a task or made a positive contribution to a project, acknowledging their efforts can go a long way to building a sense of teamwork.6. Be AccountableAs Big Bird himself famously crooned, â€Å"Everyone makes mistakes.† Errors are a fact of life. In most cases, theyâ₠¬â„¢re recoverable. What’s not recoverable? Making a mistake and putting the blame on another co-worker. If you miss a deadline or mess up an assignment, own it.Conversely, when co-workers miss deadlines or mess up assignments, don’t sell them out to management. Give them the opportunity to remedy their mistakes, and offer your assistance along the way. Your support when they need it now may mean their support when you need it later.7. Follow UpAlong the same lines as being accountable, it’s also essential to follow up on your obligations. If you say you’re going to do something, do it. If you’re unable to complete the promised task, promptly inform your co-worker or boss. Again, missing deadlines is understandable, but attempting to cover up or run from setbacks may lead to disaster. Trust between co-workers is paramount, and following up on your commitments is an essential component in developing trust.While you and your co-workers may never be b esties, there’s no reason you can’t overcome personal differences and work together as a team. These seven tips and tricks can get you on track to professional relationships which aren’t just tolerable, but fulfilling.

An Introduction to Visual Anthropology

An Introduction to Visual Anthropology Visual anthropology is an academic subfield of anthropology that has two distinct but intersecting aims. The first involves the addition of images including video and film to ethnographic studies, to enhance the communication of anthropological observations and insights through the use of photography, film, and video. The second one is more or less the anthropology of art,  understanding visual images, including: How far do humans as a species rely on what is seen, and how do they integrate that into their lives?How significant is the visual aspect of life in any particular society or civilization? andHow does a visual image represent (bring into existence, make visible, exhibit or reproduce an action or person, and/or stand as an example for) something Visual anthropology methods include photo elicitation, the use of images to stimulate culturally relevant reflections from informants. The end results are narratives (film, video, photo essays) which communicate typical events of a cultural scene. History Visual Anthropology only became possible with the availability of cameras in the 1860s- arguably the first visual anthropologists were not anthropologists at all but rather photojournalists like the Civil War photographer Matthew Brady;  Jacob Riis, who photographed 19th-century slums of New York;  and  Dorthea Lange, who documented the Great Depression in stunning photographs. In the mid-nineteenth century, academic anthropologists began collecting and making photographs of the people they studied. So-called collecting clubs included the British anthropologists Edward Burnett Tylor, Alfred Cort Haddon, and Henry Balfour, who exchanged and shared photographs as part of an attempt to document and classify ethnographic races. The Victorians concentrated on British colonies such as India, the French focused on Algeria, and the U.S. anthropologists concentrated on Native American communities. Modern scholars now recognize that imperialist scholars classifying the people of subject colonies as others is an important and downright ugly aspect of this early anthropological history. Some scholars have commented that visual representation of cultural activity is, of course, very ancient indeed, including cave art representations of hunting rituals beginning 30,000 years ago or more. Photography and Innovation The development of photography as a part of the scientific ethnographic analysis is usually attributed to Gregory Bateson and Margaret Meads 1942 examination of Balinese culture called Balinese Character: A Photographic Analysis. Bateson and Mead took more than 25,000 photos while conducting research in Bali, and published 759 photographs to support and develop their ethnographic observations. In particular, the photos- arranged in a sequential pattern like stop-motion movie clips- illustrated how the Balinese research subjects performed social rituals or engaged in routine behavior. Film as ethnography is an innovation generally attributed to Robert Flaherty, whose 1922 film Nanook of the North is a silent recording of activities of an Inuit band in the Canadian Arctic. Purpose In the beginning, scholars felt that using imagery was a way to make an objective, accurate, and complete study of social science that had been typically fueled by an extensively detailed description. But there is no doubt about it,  the photo collections were directed and often served a purpose. For example, the photos used by anti-slavery and aborigine protection societies were selected or made to make the natives more human and needier, through poses, framings, and settings. American photographer Edward Curtis made skillful use of aesthetic conventions, framing Native Americans as sad, unresisting victims of an inevitable and indeed divinely ordained manifest destiny. Anthropologists such as Adolphe Bertillon and Arthur Cervin sought to objectify the images by specifying uniform focal lengths, poses, and backdrops to remove the distracting noise of context, culture, and faces. Some photos went so far as to isolate body parts from the individual (like tattoos). Others such as Thomas Huxley planned to produce an orthographic inventory of the races in the British Empire, and that, coupled with a corresponding urgency to collect the last vestiges of disappearing cultures drove much of the 19th and early 20th century efforts. Ethical Considerations All of this came crashing to the forefront in the 1960s and 1970s when the clash between ethical requirements of anthropology and the technical aspects of using photography became untenable. In particular, the use of imagery in academic publication has impacts on the ethical requirements of anonymity, informed consent, and telling the visual truth. Privacy: Ethical anthropology requires that scholar protect the privacy of the subjects that are interviewed: taking their picture makes that nearly impossibleInformed consent: Anthropologists need to explain to their informants that their images may appear in the research and what the implications of those images might mean- and get that consent in writing- before the research beginsTelling the truth: Visual scholars must understand that it is unethical to alter images to change their meaning or present an image that connotes a reality not consistent with the understood reality. University Programs and Job Outlook Visual anthropology is a subset of the larger field of anthropology. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the numbers of jobs projected to grow between 2014 and 2024 is about 4 percent, slower than the average, and competition for those jobs is likely to be fierce given the small number of positions relative to applicants. A handful of university programs specializing in the use of visual and sensory media in anthropology, including: The University of Southern California MA at the Center for Visual AnthropologyHarvard Universitys Ph.D. program at Sensory Ethnography LabThe University of Londons MA and Ph.D. in Visual AnthropologyThe University of Manchesters MA at the Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology Finally, the Society for Visual Anthropology, part of the American Anthropological Association, has a research conference and film and media festival and publishes the journal Visual Anthropology Review. A second academic journal, titled Visual Anthropology, is published by Taylor Francis. Sources: Cant A. 2015. One Image, Two Stories: Ethnographic and Touristic Photography and the Practice of Craft in Mexico. Visual Anthropology 28(4):277-285.Harper D. 2001. Visual Methods in the Social Sciences. In: Baltes PB, editor. International Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon. p 16266-16269.Loizos P. 2001. Visual Anthropology. In: Baltes PB, editor. International Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon. p 16246-16250.Ortega-Alczar I. 2012. Visual Research Methods, International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home. San Diego: Elsevier. p 249-254.Pink S. 2014. Digital–visual–sensory-design anthropology: Ethnography, imagination Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 13(4):412-427.and intervention.Poole D. 2005. An excess of description: Ethnography, race, and visual technologies. Annual Review of Anthropology 34(1):159-179.

McDonalds global strategic of human resource management Essay

McDonalds global strategic of human resource management - Essay Example Since then, McDonald’s kept growing in terms of business and innovative products and concepts that attracted the international market to acquire franchise stores in their countries. At McDonald’s, learning is highly encouraged. From the setting up of Hamburger University to educate people in the food business, to welcoming students to work part time while offering them a suitable schedule to still accommodate their studies, the company has established its value for learning. Within each store, much learning and development ensue. Employees’ skills and potentials are maximized with effective motivational strategies. Aside from contributing to the improvement of employees, it also redounds to beneficial outcomes for the company. To management, their human resources are the company’s greatest wealth and are worth investing on. They see employees as the primary source of progress in terms of quality and productivity. Employee development takes on a learning or ientation throughout the McDonald’s system. This shows the company’s commitment to empowering their people towards better performance in their work, thereby impacting organizational efficiency. The awards reaped by the company throughout the years prove that McDonald’s is one company committed not only to the highest standards of excellence in the food service industry but also to being a great employer that motivates its employees to strive for their best performance. Employee recognition is one thing McDonald’s believe in. Their recognition programs are designed to reward and recognize worthy employees who exhibit above average performance. The President’s Award is given to the top 1% of individual performers worldwide in the corporate division and region offices. The Circle of Excellence award is bestowed upon top teams who contribute their efforts in advancing the company’s vision (McDonald’s.com) With the purpose of retaining the ir high-performing employees, McDonald’s has also devised ways to keep them such as helping them invest in their futures. Employees have access to financial management services, profit shares in the company as well as long-term incentives. These benefits are granted to key employees who have exhibited sustained quality performance and have impacted long-term value creation in the company (McDonald’s.com). An employee of the month is voted each month and then, each quarter. This motivates the employees to strive hard to be a candidate. The winner gets vouchers as rewards and becomes eligible as candidates towards Employee of the quarter, and rewards are increased as the employee goes up the hierarchy of the award. Another motivational scheme for employee development is rewarding employees for their loyalty to the company in the longevity of their employment. Employees who stay at McDonalds from 5 years are given monetary rewards every 5 years, and this increases in valu e every time. The foregoing is what is publicized as McDonald’s profile as an employer. However, a different case seems to be recognized in its branches in Europe. Although it has exerted much effort in preventing the formation of unions amongst their employees, discontent in some still manage to seep through (Royle, 2002). McDonald’s in Europe face a greater challenge in terms of its employment of culturally diverse workers with varying ages and qualifications (Royle, 1999). This paper discusses such issues on how the company has dealt with such challenges in its

Different Societies have Different Moral Codes and Ethics Essay

Different Societies have Different Moral Codes and Ethics - Essay Example Therefore, ethics is the main framework that guides actions of people in the society since it encompasses the actions that people should do or avoid doing.1 People’s concepts of ethics are acquired from religion, philosophy and culture, and the three will establish the ethical standards of any community. Different communities will have different ethical standards, and this bring the question of if ethics is relative to society and that there is no basis for saying that acts are right or wrong, independent of what this or that culture says. Cultural Relativism Mary Midgely explains that people find it hard to understand the moral values of other cultures since they will have different values. For example, in Africa, some communities practice female circumcision and the belief is that all women should undergo this procedure. However, this is exceedingly rejected by other communities, and in the United States, this is strictly prohibited. She explains that people need to understa nd their own culture in order to appreciate what their own culture expects them to do. The ethical standards in a community will be guided by the values that custom has placed on society. However, since there are societal disorders, some people deviate from the customs and this cause the evils in the society. On this basis, cultural relativism explains that the meritorious deeds are those that a majority of people in society approves. For this reason, morality is a product of culture since it will determine what people approve of or do not accept. Proposers of cultural relativism argue that there is no basis for deciding good or evil and that the cultural perspective will determine what is right and what is wrong.2 Since different cultures will have varied opinions, the decision of what is wrong and what is right by viewing different cultures is an issue of significant concern, as no group of people will let go of their heritage to take up another one. Therefore, cultural relativism threatens harmony among people of different cultures since the different groups of people will have varied values, which will dictate how they associate with one another. It creates the notion that there is no other way of determining good or bad other than the cultural beliefs f people. Cultural relativism will make people judge one another on the grounds of their cultural practices, and this may bring a lot of disorderliness in the society. Since the values of different cultures are diverse, finding one central procedure for judging actions becomes hard when cultural relativism comes into play. Conducts that are appreciated by one culture may not be accepted by another culture, and the idea of defining morals by considering the cultural beliefs of people will not be instrumental in making judgments of good and bad. Since ethics is concerned with what other people will say about their actions, there needs to be a universal procedure for determining what is right or evil. Relying o n culture to decide this will bring a lot of controversy as people will have varied moral codes depending on their heritage. Edward Westermarck in his book the sources of moral ideas explains that ethics is a normative science used to formulate the validity of the actions people do. In this regard, he explains that deciding what is good or bad cannot merely be judged by what people think. Therefore, judging actions by what a certain

The Gift of Magi Essay Example for Free

The Gift of Magi Essay Characteristics of Jim and Della Dillingham Della Dillingham young beautiful poor courage’s loving Della is James Dillingham’s wife in story. She is a young beautiful woman with beautiful long knee length hairs. She loves her husband most and always try’s to keep him happy, whenever her husband ‘jim’ came home she hugs him gently. When the story opens Della is counting money that she has saved to buy her husband a Christmas present and she starts crying after realizing how little she has to buy a good Christmas present for her husband. They were poor, after saving for whole month she could only save $ 1.87. They only possess two worthy things one is Della’s hair and other is Jim’s watch which is given to him by his father. After thinking for a while Della makes decision to cut and sell her hairs for money to buy a good Christmas present for her husband. This shows the courage’s nature of Della. She cuts of her hair and get $20 for them. With the money from her hair she buys a beautiful platinum watch chain for her husband. Later when jim came back home and sees della in short hairs he got stunned by her appearance, della then reminds him that her hairs will grow quickly again and she wants him happy,for it is Christmas eve, and she cut and sold her hairs because she could not face Christmas without a gift for him.This incidence of story shows her unconditional and unselfish love for her husband. James Dillingham Young Hard working serious poor loving Della’s husband Jim is a thin, serious young man, 22 years old. The author of the story has described Jim to the readers by comparing him with the platinum watch chain : was like him â€Å"quietness and value – the description applies to both† Jim is a hard working man , he never returns home before 7 o’clock .and is reliable also â€Å"jim was never late†. Jim’s most prized possession is the gold watch that has been handed over to him by his father and to his father from his grandfather. But jim clearly values his wife more than his watch because he sells it in order to buy a set of beautiful combs for her beautiful long hairs as a present for Christmas. This shows how much he loves his wife.

College Admissions Essay: My Contribution to Disability Awareness :: College Admissions Essays

My Contribution to Disability Awareness It's 8 o'clock in the morning and the corridors of Mill Road Elementary are busier than Grand Central Station. The only difference is that Mill Road students are about a foot shorter and ten times more energetic than your average Grand Central Station commuter. In comparison with the dorm room I have just left, these walls are papered with hundreds of drawings and paintings. The hallways could compete with any modern gallery in terms of sheer bulk and some critics might argue for their content as well. However, I did not wake up at 7 o'clock to view the Mill Road Elementary prized art collection. Instead, I am there to present the 3-step Disabilities Awareness program to several classes of supercharged fifth graders. Standing in front of 30 or so fifth graders is a lonely position. I feel the burden of all teachers and start my presentation. It is a difficult curriculum to teach to fifth graders because of the many contradictions and situational circumstances. These fifth graders are sharp and ask questions whose answers could easily fill the rest of the year's class time. It is for this same reason that the presentation is such an enjoyable program. A ten-question quiz, designed to "pop" some of the myths about disabilities, is given to the students. The class discusses ideas about independence, differentiating between disabilities and emphasizing that the person comes before the disability. The quiz is an icebreaker that encourages the students to ask questions that pertain to the whole disabilities spectrum. Once the students begin to feel comfortable, I am flooded with questions. Students are able to expand their knowledge on a variety of disability-related issues. The real challenge is to help them change their perception of people with disabilities. Students have to be convinced that a disability is a limitation and every human has his or her own limitations. A disability is not a sickness someone can catch like a cold. When the students begin to see that we are all equal, then the Disabilities Awareness program has really done its job. The students are stubborn at first to new ideas but, after challenging them, they begin to see the truth behind these ideas and start accepting them. The second and third presentations are follow-up visits that seek to reinforce the same ideas presented in the first session using different activities.

Compare & Contrats: Lineman Terms

In the electrical construction business, power companies can choose whether to use contractors or their own workers to complete a job. They must consider the size of the job and time frame they have to complete the job. The work habits of contract linemen and Georgia Power Company linemen play a large part in the decision of which group will be the best to complete the job. Lineman use heavy equipment to complete their jobs. An aerial bucket is a truck that has a fiberglass boom, a long scissor like arm, with an isolated bucket attached so that linemen can use it to reach energized electrical lines. Some of these buckets have a special fiberglass arm at the end of the boom with a roller on it, called a jib, which uses a winch to lift heavy objects up to one thousand pounds, called material handlers. Contractors use a two man material handling bucket. Due to strict rules about working two conductors at the same time, Georgia Power lineman can’t work out of a two man bucket so they use a single man material handling truck. The next piece of equipment used by a lineman is a line truck. It has an auger attached to the boom that digs deep holes for the pole to be set. This truck also sets the pole and can lift heavy objects with its winch line, similar to how a crane works. The contractor’s truck has a center mounted boom, which has a seat mounted at the base on the boom. This truck can work the same strength from either side of the truck. Unlike the contractor’s truck, the Georgia Power lineman’s truck is a corner mounted boom, which is located on the rear passenger side of the truck. It has a farther reach off of the passenger side of the truck, but it is not as strong on the driver side of the truck. These trucks have to pull trailers behind them to haul poles around. A contract lineman uses a thirty foot pole trailer which is the standard size used to haul around a large number of poles. The company lineman uses a material trailer that is about fifteen foot long with boxes on the side to hold wire and materials. When they need to haul a pole, the tongue can be extended out to the length needed. This trailer can only haul about five poles at max. Although they use different trucks, the truck’s joysticks and levers all have the same functions. One of the major similarities between a contractor and a Georgia Power lineman is that they both have to follow rules and regulations from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Electrical Safety Code standards. They both have to wear a harness when working out of the bucket, and wear a body belt, has two d-rings placed at the hips that you attach a strap to, when they are six feet off the ground on a pole or ladder. Both types of lineman must wear rubber gloves while working in the bucket that cover hand up to the elbow. A contractor wears class three rubber gloves. They are rated for thirty thousand volts. Working on the same line, a Georgia Power lineman can wear class two gloves that are rated for twenty thousand volts. The reason for the difference in standards is the amount of cover-up used, which is another way linemen stay protected while working on electrical wires. It is called this because they use it to cover the energized lines. Cover-up is orange colored so that the linemen can easily see it and it comes in many forms. The contract linemen and company linemen use hoses, blankets, and hoods to cover-up the power lines. A hose, sometimes called an eel, is six feet long and slides over the wire to cover around it. A blanket is a four foot square that is used to wrap around the pole, its arms, or insulators. A hood is pre-formed to fit insulators perfectly, but not all linemen use them because they take up too much space on the truck. A contactor does not use the same amount of cover-up as a Georgia Power lineman would. Company linemen have a four step cover-up procedure. First, they must cover the conductors in the order they come to them. Second, before uncovering an energized conductor, all paths to ground must be covered. A ground is anything that an electric current can use to get back to the earth from the wire. Third, before working on a grounded component, all energized conductors must be covered. Last, the cover-up must be removed in the order it was placed. It makes for a little more work for the company lineman, but it keeps them from having to wear rubber sleeves. Unlike the company lineman, a contractor must wear rubber sleeves which start at the top of the shoulder and covers down to the wrist because they don’t use the four rules of cover-up. When the trucks are in an area of energized lines, a contract lineman always has to ground their truck to the pole ground. The truck ground is a copper wire that ties the truck through the pole ground to the system neutral to protect from accidental electrical charge. A power company lineman only has to ground their truck when setting oles and only if there is a chance of an accidental contact to the truck due to a broken insulator or pole. Contractors must do a lot of traveling in order to keep their job; they don’t have a set location to work from. At the power company, a lineman stays at the same headquarters during his career. Since the lineman is at home, the company calls him to work for local power outages. When major hurricanes strike the coast lines, tornados blow away cities, or blizzards freeze a mountain town, both types of linemen can be asked to help restore power to these communities. When a contractor goes out of town, his crew will be the only ones that work together during the restoration. They will meet up with fellow contract lineman only for meals and meetings. As a Georgia Power lineman, you are sent out with your whole region. A caravan of trucks and vans leave the headquarters and travel to their destination together to help restore power to the area. There are also support members from inside the office that travel with the team. While away from home, contract linemen either sleep in a hotel or, on occasion, sleep inside their trucks. The power company linemen have a support team to make sure they get a good place to sleep every night while on the storm group. So the likelihood of having to sleep in their trucks is slim to none. The quality of work differs between the contract lineman and a Georgia Power lineman. A contract lineman bids on the job and gets paid per task they complete. Because speed equals money, a contract lineman tends to rush through work to finish faster. Because he is rushed, the maybe work is unsatisfactory to trained company lineman. Contractors have a saying, â€Å"It looks good to me. You can’t see it from my house. † A company lineman can take his time and do his job safely and this reflects in his work. He takes pride in his work because he can ride around his community and look at project he has worked on. I know firsthand the work habits of a contract lineman and a Georgia Power Company lineman. I worked for contractors for five years before I was hired by the power company. After many years of line experience, I have noticed that my work and safety habits improved after becoming a company lineman. Even though both types of linemen have the same profession, they approach the job in different ways to complete it. A power company chooses contractors over company linemen when it is necessary to stay devoted to a single job they are working on. Company linemen have the responsibility of responding to power outages, and this extends the time it takes to complete the job. The pros and cons of both types of linemen and the time it takes to complete the job are the two major factors that are taken into consideration by Georgia Power Company when deciding which group will be assigned to the job.

Fin 370 Ethics and Compliance Paper

Ethics and Compliance FIN/370 Dec/14/2011 Ethics and Compliance â€Å"The mission of the Walt Disney Company is to be one of the world’s leading producers and providers of entertainment and information. Using our portfolio of brands to differentiate our content, services and consumer products, we seek to develop the most creative, innovative and profitable entertainment experiences and related products in the world† (According to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Walt Disney Company Mission Statement†Ã‚  (2011) Walt Disney began as a cartoon studio in the 1920s more than eight decades later is become a global corporation, and premier provider of quality family entertainment across America and around the world. What is the secret of the Walt Disney success? What are the rules and standard that make Walt Disney one of the biggest corporations in the world? Team C is going to discuss in this presentation the role of ethics compliance, the procedures and ethical behavior, the processes that the company uses to comply with the SEC regulations, and assess the financial performance of Walt Disney Company. Disney’s Ethics Since the beginning of the Walt Disney Company, ethics and compliance were very important for the entire organization and the Walt Disney Company of today the business standards and ethics are well written, and outlined in great detail. One of the reasons that the ethics and compliance standards were implemented is to ensure that the financial health of the company is not compromised by the misused of proprietary information to gain wealth illegally by the employees and the Board of Directors. All employees, managers and Directors are responsible for the financial health of the company and the best interest of the stockholders. Walt Disney Company used internal audits to ensure that all documentation and reports are accurate and also that all financial statements are in compliance with the general accounting practices. Each individual shall report and record all information, and complete Company document, accurately and honestly. These include, for example, time cards, reimbursable business expense requests, invoices, payroll records, safety records, business records and performance evaluations. † According to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Walt Disney Company†Ã‚  (2011) Walt Disney Company has taken steps to ensure the ethical behavior in the organization, honesty is emphasized in the 2011 employee handbook, employee and upper management is accountable for all documentation are accurate. Evaluation of Disclosure control and procedures is a division of Walt Disney Company created to ensure that all employees, management, and Directors are following the ethical behavior established by the company and all financial reports files within the time mandated the General Accounting Practices. SEC Regulations The U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is in place to ensure that people who invest in publicly traded companies are protected, and that an efficient market is maintained in a fair and orderly fashion. The SEC has put in place several laws and rules to ensure that all investors have access to certain financial information before they buy stock in a company. This information is to remain public and readily available as long as the company is publicly traded. This means that the companies that are publicly traded must disclose this financial and other related information to anyone who requests it. Most companies have it posted online on their company website. These rules and laws ensure that investors are making informed decisions both before they buy stock and the entire time they are owners of company stock. Every year, the SEC finds companies who are in violation of the rules they have in place. Some companies will neglect their duty to post their annual financial data, or they may manipulate the data that they post. These violations can be viewed as insider trading, account fraud, or purposefully misleading company shareholders. Those companies who are found guilty of these types of offenses face serious fines against the company, and may include jail time for the people who manipulated the data. Disney is a publicly traded company, and as such, is expected to follow the rules and regulations set forth by the SEC. To comply with the regulations, Disney has made available all of the required annual financial statements on their company website. This website is separate from their storefront and theme park websites, and is dedicated to providing information about the Disney Corporation. This information includes the history of the company, investor relations, news releases, career information and job listings, and all of the required financial documents for investors. This way, any existing or potential investors can readily find information about the Disney Company that can be useful when trying to make sound decisions regarding buying or selling shares of Disney stock. Disney’s Financial Performance | | | The Walt Disney Company has several different operations: media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, customer products and interactive media (Disney,  2010). Based upon Disney’s 2009 and 2010 financial statements, we have calculated these key ratios: Key ratios:| 2010| 2009| Current ratio| 1. 11| 13. 31| Debt ratio| 0. 90| 0. 08| Average collection period| 55. 46| 49. 01| Return on equity| 0. 11| 0. 10| Disney’s revenues increased on 2010 compared to 2009. The overall liquidity of the company was better on 2009. On 2010 Disney acquired a bigger debt because of the current financial crisis. They took a bigger risk by doing this, but the risk turned into a positive outcome. Their collection period extended more in 2010, but this allow them to generate more businesses as suppose they would have kept a more extract payment regiment. Disney managed its resources efficiently, making a bigger profit on 2010 than they did on the previous year. Between all of their operations, some more popular than others, they could produce a higher profit margin on 2010. They also focused on the new trends such as technology, and product globalization, to stay competitive and profitable. Disney has adapted to the economy changes and taken risks in order to keep up with the competition and to maintain the business growth. 2009 was more stable and secure in every aspect, but the risk taken was necessary to increase the company’s profit. Conclusion The Disney Corporation is a company that has been publically traded for many years, and has grown to be one of the largest companies that is publically raded. The company strives to follow the regulations set forth by the SEC so that stockholders in the company can easily make sound decisions regarding their shares of stock. For 56 consecutive years, Disney has been able to pay dividends to their shareholders, even through the most recent financial recession. Most recently, the annually pa id dividend increased by 50% for the 2011 fiscal year. (Disney, 2011) Over the last couple of years, the company has shown steady growth, and could be considered a wise investment for someone interested in buying shares of stock. References The Walt Disney Company,  (2010). Retrieved from http://corporate. disney. go. com/investors/annual_reports. html The Walt Disney Company,  (2011). Retrieved from http://corporate. disney. go. com/corporate/complete_history. html The Walt Disney Company,  (2011). Retrieved from http://corporate. disney. go. com/news/corporate/2011/2011_1201_board_increases_annual_dividend. html Walt Disney Company Mission Statement,  (2011),  Retrieved from http://retailindustry. about. com/od/retailbestpractices/ig/Company-Mission-Statements/Walt-Disney-Mission-Statement. htm

Industrial revolution (governm essays

Industrial revolution (governm essays How far did popular unrest contribute to political reform? The pressure supplied by large numbers of people and many different lobby groups at the time of early industrialisation, did to a large extent, help forge a way for political reform, however it was not the only factor. In the metamorphosis period of industrialisation where British industry went from cottage to factory styles of production, the working classes suffered a huge fall in living and working conditions. Disease was out of control, sanitation was non-existent and child and women labour were the flavour of the day. These deplorable conditions awakened a social consciousness in the lower gentry that had such an intimidating effect on the aristocracy that change was imminent. Ideas such as Marxism, socialism, Chartism, liberalism, utilitarianism and humanitarianism were grafted into the bourgeoisie psyche. The period 1760-1830 saw an incresed concern for human unhappiness, and especially for that of the young. It was Peel who, stimulated by a Manchester physician, Thomas Perci val, pressed on Parliament the need for regulation of the factories. His Act of 1802, the Health and Morals of Apprenticeships Act, limited hours of work and prescribed minimum standards of hygiene and education. Also the emergence of a middle class, suppressed with little to no political power also contributed to political reform. Thus with prevailing melancholy over the working and middle classes political reform was recognised by the oligarchy as a way of appeasing social agitation and accordingly a way of maintaining power. The fear of a peoples revolution was foremost on the minds of the landed aristocracy in Britain during industrialisation. The French Revolution in 1789 saw people power topple the hierarchy due to calamitous living conditions and hunger. These events in France made the British aristocracy make sure that if change was going to happen, then it was going to be dictated...

How Word Variation Could Improve Your Academic Writing

How Word Variation Could Improve Your Academic Writing How Word Variation Could Improve Your Academic Writing (And 5 Handy Examples) While it’s important to use consistent terminology in academic writing, this applies primarily to technical terms and concepts central to your argument. When it comes to the rest of your paper, varying the language can make it much more engaging and easier to read. What words should you vary? This depends very much on the individual, but the essence is to avoid frequent repetition of certain basic terms. This doesn’t mean short words like â€Å"the†, â€Å"a† or â€Å"and†, which everyone will use regularly in their writing, but it might include words like â€Å"interesting†, â€Å"because†, â€Å"including†, â€Å"said† and â€Å"important†. Alternatives for these terms are presented below, but you might also want to try a thesaurus for other ideas. Just remember to check the meaning of words you find in a thesaurus before using them, as sometimes there can be subtle differences. 1.      Variations on Interesting The word â€Å"interesting† is often used to introduce a point as worthy of attention (e.g., â€Å"It is interesting to note that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Ironically, overusing â€Å"interesting† is very uninteresting indeed, so you might want to try these instead: Noteworthy/notable (e.g., â€Å"One noteworthy claim†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Compelling (e.g., â€Å"One theory seems particularly compelling†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Fascinating (e.g., â€Å"The Ancient Greeks were a fascinating people†) 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because The word â€Å"because† is used when explaining the reasons behind something (e.g., â€Å"The results were this way because†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). As such, it’s often used in academic writing, so you may sometimes need to limit repetition: Since (e.g., â€Å"Since the pilot experiment failed, we had to start again.†) Due to (e.g., â€Å"The failure was due to several oversights.†) As a result (e.g., â€Å"As a result of these omissions, the results are unreliable.†) 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Including/Includes The term â€Å"including† is most commonly used to introduce examples of something just mentioned, including in this sentence you’re reading right now. See what we did there? It can also be used to describe something contained within a whole (e.g., â€Å"It will take a full week, including Sunday.†) If you’re using â€Å"includes† a lot in a paper, you might want to consider these variations: Such as (e.g., â€Å"I collect tools, such as hammers and tongs.†) Like (e.g., â€Å"I eat fruit, like apples and pears.†) Incorporates (e.g., â€Å"The design incorporates many useful features.†) 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Said The word â€Å"said† is most overused when quoting sources (e.g., â€Å"Costello said that ‘there’s nothing underhand that she won’t understand’†). Your options here include: Claimed (e.g., â€Å"Holland claimed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Argued (e.g., â€Å"Weller argued†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Stated (e.g., â€Å"Suggs stated†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Important The term â€Å"important† is used to emphasize the significance or value of something, so overusing it can undermine its impact. Substitutes include: Significant (e.g., â€Å"The most significant finding†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Vital (e.g., â€Å"It is vital to remember that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) Crucial (e.g., â€Å"Addressing this problem is crucial in order to†¦Ã¢â‚¬ )

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Assignment - Essay Example Where is it at this time? Plan: Remember that gravity is acting against the ball, so the acceleration a = -g = - (constant of gravity near Earth’s surface) = - 9.8 m/s2. Due to gravity, at some point the ball is going to stop (v=0 at the maximum height that the ball reaches) and start to fall back down. We will use +y direction as the up direction. 2b.Next, from the same position, you throw an identical ball (Ball 2) straight down with the same launch speed as in the previous question. How fast will the ball be traveling 2 seconds later and where is it at this time?   The reason for this is that ball 1 reaches its maximum height, then falls back down. When it crosses the point where the platform is, it has the same speed it initially had when thrown up, only now it is going downwards with the same speed. Proof of this: Take ball 1, and find the final speed it would have if the final y value is the same as the initial y value (so that the ball is released from the platform, goes up, and comes right back to the platform). Use the equation vf2 = v02 -2g(yf-y0); the initial and final y values are the same, so their difference is 0 and we have vf2 = v02 -2g(0)= v02 ïÆ' ¨ in other words, vf and v0 have the same magnitudes, but different directions: vf = -v0 3.The ceiling of a classroom is 3.75 m above the floor. A student tosses an apple vertically upward, releasing it 0.5 m above the floor. What is the maximum initial speed that can be given to the apple if it is not to touch the

Origin and Evolution of Birds Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Origin and Evolution of Birds Paper - Assignment Example The paper tells that in the recent years, with enhancement in scientific development, much has been able to be got related to the origin and evolution of birds. With the help of techniques like computerized carbon dating and the rest, the origin of birds could be able to be pinpointed and much of the changes that took place in evolution place in a certain time. Since every species ought to survive in a given environment, a number of adaptation changes are adopted. Often, some of these adaptations result into serious and minor changes in the physical nature of the given species resulting in evolution. Evolution essentially is the gradual change of a species from the original to a different version. Birds too were not left behind in the evolution process. Survivals always a key feature in the maintenance of a given species. For any species to survive, means they had first to acquire the basic want like food and security. Birds for instance migrate to distance lands in search of food an d a reproduction place. In terms of security, birds that were preyed on by land animals might have found a way to fly to escape such predators. Often evolutions come as a means to overcome daily challenges in life. Over millions of years back, it has been researched that birds were the ancestors of dinosaurs called theropods. One of the most efficient survival strategies was migration. Migration was a complex task, yet most species created their own migration strategies for survival. Some species would migrate for a short distance and some would take long distances seeking for suitable environment (Feduccia 2). Thus, for species which needed long distance migration had their own specialized strategies. From this concept, we can think about the evolutionary origin of birds and their similarities to reptiles. For survival, reptiles had to go to a higher place in search for food, so they had the power to fly. Therefore, birds developed their wings, and later on they developed feathers. Birds have move power at flying than reptiles now. Bird flight origin is an immense issue in avian biology plus in the overall evolutionary theory. Often, many scientists have pointed to the fossilized Archaeopteryx specimens as evidence to the existence of a transitional vertebrate which developed during the evolution of birds from reptilian dinosaurs (Feduccia 18). Often, most birds do fly, therefore distinguishing them from the other vertebrate classes. Hence, flight is the chief means of locomotion in many bird species and can be for feeding, breeding, feeding, and escape plus predator avoidance. Birds have many adaptations for flight. These include having a lightweight skeleton, the pectorals (which accounts for 15% of the total mass of the bird), two large flight muscles, and the supracoracoideus.  Often, the wing size and shape determine a given bird’s species flight type (Feduccia 26). Often, many bird’s combine power and the flapping of their wings to fly, and once on air, flap less extensively to save on energy. It is estimated that about 60 bird species that are extant are flightless as were the case of many extinct birds (Miller, Vandome & McBrewster 234). Flight is hence seen as a very serious adaptation process in the evolution of birds that have enabled them to survive time. It has been found out that flightlessness sometimes arises in birds located in isolated islands,

Platos Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Platos Republic - Essay Example Socrates was outspoken in criticizing the new government and after the Democrats took hold of power, Socrates’ relationship with the oligarchic set up made his enemies to find appropriate reasons to make him face trial. They charged him with corrupting the youth of Athens through immoral ways and in spite of his articulately expressed defense, Socrates was held guilty and condemned to death. In his Apology, Plato has recorded the last days of Socates’ life. Socrates continued to remain staunch and true to his belief system and was unwilling to go back on his past statements. He even refused the offer of exile and willingly ingested the cup of hemlock poison that ended his life. This paper holds that the charges against Socrates did not have strength and that they were primarily a result of the ongoing political strife amongst the varied claimants who wanted to lose no opportunity in claiming positions of authority in the newly established democracy. The defense for Socr ates will be substantiated by repeatedly referring to Plato’s Republic because there is considerable circumstantial evidence in this work to steer him clear of the charges of corrupting Athenian youth (p.36). We know that Socrates was charged of corrupting the youth through a few contemporary Greek sources; Plato, Xenophon and the playwright Aristophanes. The Republic was born in Plato’s mind in his early youth while he was hopeful of becoming a politician. At this time he was much impressed with Socrates and became his pupil informally. Following the Peloponnesian war, Athens was ruled for about eight months by the Thirty Tyrants who were an oligarchic and tyrannical power group that tried to enroll Socrates as well as Plato within their group. Although Plato did not give a clear signal, Socrates openly refused to join them and very soon became reputed for adopting anti-democratic ideas. This proved to be very dangerous for Socrates, especially after the taking over of governance by the fundamental democratic set up that had soon over thrown the Thirty Tyrants. Socrates was tried by the newly formed Athenian democracy for having corrupted the youth, introduced new gods and for ha ving adopted and encouraged atheism. He was convicted to death and subsequently executed, of which Plato was a witness. Plato was extremely disillusioned. The Athenians held that in having corrupted the youth Socrates encouraged the young to accompany him on his chosen path. Such developments made the youth of the day to confront the fundamentalist democracy of the period (p.248). In ascertaining whether Socrates had actually corrupted the youth in Athens, this paper relies on Plato’s Republic, which is a thorough analysis of the circumstances that prevailed during the time. In some ways it can be said that Socrates did teach new divinities and in some ways he did not. Socrates was ready to respect the conventional gods such as Athena and Zeus. In fact, all the available evidence indicates that he believed in polytheism. He was in agreement with Hesiod and Homer that these gods had physical characteristics and would always remain alive. However, his images of the gods were mo re illustrious as compared to the images of the gods that one understands from recitations of Homer and other groups of story tellers and god talkers that were known as muthologoi and theologoi respectively, during the period. Socrates held that the gods were wise,

Teaching And Learning Problem Solving

Teaching And Learning Problem Solving Education nowadays has been criticized by different area and educators try to reform the ways of teaching and learning (Kirkley, 2003). Problem Solving defines as step to reaching the goal or desire state from where we are now ( Medin, Ross Markman, 2004). Kirkly (2003) stated that learner nowadays are short of basic literacy skill and higher order thinking. Basic literary skill is important to learn problem solving largely depend on basic literary skill ( Kirkly). If a learner cannot master basic literacy skill, things that able to represent will be less. As the rising of technology, higher problem solving skill on mathematics and science are needed. They found that students who not able to master literacy skills and cannot not learn and develop higher ordering skills and problem solving ( Kirkly, 2003). Problem solving that mainly can be found while study mathematics. However, Baron (2012) found that a lot of students face the difficulty to pass the test math no matter how much of tutoring, extra classes had given. In addition, not only college students face this kind of problem, children also face similar problem. Types of math problem that face by children is word math problem. Word math problem is type of math that uses English word to explain the question instead of using the equation to explain the questions that need students to be solved. As a teacher, they ways those mathematics teachers teach the next generation also one of the problem that need to discuss. In the old days, teacher only can provide few ways to teach student to solve the math problem. However, not all students have the skill to absorb teaching style on providing information, guideline to solve the question. Moreover, teacher style on teaching students in the few past decade may not be efficient or work on current generation. When a person learn how to solve a particular modal, it will become as a short cut as the person only need to remember the process of solving the problem from the beginning, it only apply on the similar problem that solve before( Kirkly,2003). One of the model that explain problem solving process is when individual doing a problem solving, their cognitive will start by representing the problem then do a solution search, finally implement the solution (Gick, 1986 as cited in Kirkly,2003). If a person successfully find a solution, their cognitive will stop there, conversely, they will redo the step searching solution and representing the problem if they fail to find the solution (Kirkly).When a similar problem is presented, it become short cut as a person cognitive will be able to recall and implement the solution by remembering how they solved similar problem before. Problem solving require a lot of abstract representation that the reason we need to master basic literacy skill. For example, when a learner trying solved a word math problem, learner need to understand the meaning of the word such as increase, product of, less than, equally pieces and others. Then they need to transfer into mathematics symbol and form an equation form to solve the problem. However, human cognitive not able to hold too much representation at the same time and human only able to remember three to seven items ( Medin et al., 2004). Different types of mathematics problem use different types of problem solving method. Types of problem solving method can categorized at algorithm and heuristics. Heuristic have three ways which is using hill climbing, mean ends analysis and working (Medin et al., 2004). For example, a mathematics question that asks how much plus three will be ten? A younger child might use algorithm technique test all the number in order to find the correct answer. As for older child, the will likely use working backward method to find the answer. There are a lot of solution that can be found in educations field. For example, teachers will let provide a lot of similar problem to let their learner or students to solve and in the end createshort cut thinking. By this students will notice the similarity of each problem and able to transfer their skills. This solution can be found in teaching mathematics skill. Students math textbook present a lot of solution to student as an example to solve the similar problem but broader schema that expert are actually use is not available to student (McAllister, 1995). Student dont know which and how is the appropriate first step to do when they faced a problem (McAllister,).Teacher who use explicit translation strategy (ETS ) found to be effective in solving math word problem (INQUIRE, 2008). Explicit translation strategy is to teach students how to translate concrete problem into mathematical equation(INQUIRE, 2008). Research also found that students who teach using the ETS and receive extra learning lesson are able to perform better than other group in the math problem solving that held two weeks later (Darch, Carnine Gersten, 1984). As stated above, students who want to develop problem solving skills need to master basic literacy skills well (Kirkly, 2003). Therefore students need to keep practice different types mathematics problem regularly. Then, students should be teaches by teacher who are expect, more important teachers should be able to provide different method to solve a problem and more complicate example when students able to solve basic mathematical problem. Extra learning material should be given to help students to learn the ability to transform the skill that students learn from other problem. Severin(2007) found students who be given change to learn different type of problem solving strategies able to help student to solve others problem. Technology item also can be use to helps teacher and student improves their problem solving a ability. Teacher can create a learning site and provide different types of fun, stories problem solving question to attract their interest and provide them change to do trial and error while they playing problem solving game while learning. This is because how much a student put effort while doing a math problem will have an effect on their success rate (Severin, 2007). In addition we also can use computer technology to help us in teaching because technology make easier for students to access more information. In the days that computer still not able to own by every family, information on solving a math problem only depend on the knowledge of the teacher. Now, students can asses and absorb more and more idea to solve a math problem. Conclusion, problem solving can be use in different field. By knowing how to teach and learn are the key to teach students and children to develop their problem solving better in the future.

Chestnut Blight and American Chestnut Trees Essay -- Ecology Conservat

Chestnut Blight and American Chestnut Trees Since the early 1900's a disease known as Chestnut Blight has infected many American Chestnut trees and causing their removal from forests. A greater look at the history of this fungus as well as the mechanisms of action will allow us to learn on how to preserve the American chestnut. At one point, the American chestnut was virtually eliminated. With the help of government acts and conservation agencies, the American chestnut is slowly growing back in population. Two methods of restoration of the chestnut include a hybridization and the use of hypovirulant strains. This issue shows a variety of interest from ecologists to those in the timber industry who cannot lumber Asian species of chestnut primarily because of their size. In the 1880's a harmful fungus known as blight, inhabited the United States from imported Japanese chestnut trees. Blight quickly spread, killing chestnuts and chinquapins, which is another species of chestnut that produces 1 nut per bur. In 1904, Chestnut blight appeared infecting trees in New York City and spread at a rate of 20-50 miles per year. By 1906, W.A. Murrill reported that this disease is known to occur in New Jersey, Maryland, District of Columbia, and Virginia. In 1912, the Planet Quarantine Act was passed to reduce the chances of plant deterioration or devastation prevention. Chestnut Blight or Chestnut Bark Disease was originally found in 1904 and within 50 years, it spread across the eastern United States, from Maine to Georgia and as far west as the edge of Michigan. By 1950, the American chestnut was essentially eliminated as a forest tree. In 1972, importation from Italy gave a biological control in which a virus helped prevent the blight f... ...thesis does, however, lack experimental evidence of any kind. The American chestnut which was once almost eliminated from existence in the late 1950's has once again emerged thanks to conservation efforts. Chestnut blight, a deadly fungus, has the ability to kill chestnut trees. However, some chestnut species in Asia have resistance to blight. As a result, a method of conservation has been through hybridizing American species with Asian species. Another method of conservation has been through hypovirulence strains in the infection is reduced. Independently, this hypovirulence method may be a reason why some American chestnuts are surviving despite being infested with chestnut blight. This issue remains important to both the timber industry, although that isn't why chestnuts are being restored, and certain ecological organizations including the Nature Conservancy.

Burqas Should Not Be Banned

Religion and Society Article Assignment. Articles used – 3A and 3B. The Burqa. Sylvie Maclean. A Burqa is an article of clothing that is generally considered as a religious statement. The Burqa consists of full robes and a mesh veil over the eyes. There are other options of robes that can be worn including the Hijab and the Niqab, where the eyes remain uncovered. According to come interpretations of the Islamic sacred text – the Koran (Qur’an) – women must wear a full veil in order to be modest. Many Muslims wear the Burqa because it is symbolises and is a part of their spiritual journey, so they wear it by choice.While others wear the Burqa because they believe they have to, as it is one of the commandments of god to dress modestly. There are many Muslims who choose not to wear the Burqa at all. They may opt for a simple headscarf and normal clothing; they also can wear the Hijab or Niqab. But then again there are many Muslims who choose to dress in norma l clothes, therefore bringing no attention to their religion. Not wearing the headscarf or robes does not make a person any more religious, nor does wearing the Burqa make someone more religious than another Muslim who is not wearing any religious clothing at all.Just through reading articles A and B, we see that there is a lot of controversy involved in this topic, and something I would like to address is how we have the right to tell others how to dress when their clothing choice brings no harm upon us and is a completely individual and personal choice. Image Source: http://www. hopeitw. com/knowledge/abaya-niqab-burqachadordupatta-hijab/#sthash. OXN8dy8O. dpbs Image Source: http://www. hopeitw. com/knowledge/abaya-niqab-burqachadordupatta-hijab/#sthash. OXN8dy8O. dpbs Throughout article A ‘Why I’m proud to wear the Burqa’ we see examples of the controversies over the banning in France.The author – Oumkheyr – is a Muslim woman who wears the full B urqa by choice, and is being strongly threatened by the French Government where a ban of Burqas may soon be implemented. Oumkheyr says â€Å"I really believe that France is scared of Muslims, which is the motivation for this law, but people shouldn't generalize as not all Muslims are the same. Yes, some have done terrible things, but it is done in the name of man, never in the name of God. † But, although in the Koran there are verses that say some hateful things like â€Å"slay them wherever you catch them† (Quran 2:191), these quotes are taken completely out of context.The rest of that particular quote is as follows â€Å"fight in the cause of God those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for God loves not transgressors. And slay them wherever you catch them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter†¦ But if they cease, God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful†¦ If they cease, let there b e no hostility except to those who practice oppression† (2:190-193). The Koran gives messages of hope, faith and peace.It’s easy to take something out of context and quote it, but it means that what was originally being said loses all meaning. Linking back to the Burqa ban, maybe the French government would stop being so scared of muslims if someone actually bothered to read the full quote. Oumkheyr makes some very strong points in her article, that everyone should take into consideration when deciding their personal opinion of the Burqa ban proposal. The second article, ‘The Burqa is a war on women’ addresses the reasoning for a ban. The author – Virginia Haussegger – has successfully outlined the views of many non-muslims.Within the first two lines Ms Haussegger has already accused the Burqa of subjectifying women, and stated that the reason for wearing the Burqa is what ‘God Demands’. What the author doesn’t seem to real ise is that for the majority of muslims, wearing the Burqa is a personal choice, and most say they don’t think it is a ‘demand’ as such, but more of a way to become more in touch with god and the rest of their religion. Some Islamic tectsstate that women should dress modestly, but wearing the Burqa is the individuals’ decision, and it reflects on the individuals’ values and beliefs about the word ‘modesty’.This article brings up many points about equality. Saying that while ‘men roam free while women wear a sackcloth that dehumanises them. Although it is true that Muslim men do not walk around shrouded head to toe, this is for a reason that Haussegger seems to have forgotten: women’s bodies are constantly being subjectified and having their bodies sexualized, and men are not. Although this is not necersarily the ‘politically correct’ thing to say, it is the truth, and wearing the Burqa is a way for this to stop .The author does have some very valid points on the subject of actual legitimacy of the commandment about the Burqa, but even if the Koran does not state ‘Women must cover their face and bodies to hide from public view’, the Burqa, Hijab, and Niqab are just clothes. By reading these articles it is clear to see that both authors are fighting for the rights of Muslim women. Although Virginia Haussegger clearly believes that by wearing the Burqa women are being further objectified, both authors agree that what we wear is our choice and no one elses.Muslims live by their holy text and if the individual interprets its commandments to believe that to be a good muslim you must wear the burqa, then that it their choice, and freedom of choice is a human right that we should all have. What Haussegger sadly doesn’t appear to understand is that no matter how a Muslim chooses to dress, their beliefs are the same and they are living by the same god, so banning one article of c lothing cannot change how the individual will behave.My opinion on the Burqa is that although the outfit may be somewhat demeaning, it is a personal choice that I will never fully understand. Now that I have done further research into the topic I understand the choices and decisions that are made when the Burqa is concerned, and I am definitely more open to other people’s opinions. I think it is completely unreasonable for non-muslims to call a ban on the Burqa as it is a human right that we are free to express ourselves however we see fit, and if this is how some Muslims choose to express their religion, then good for them.Form| Title| URL| Date accessed| Article| Should Burqas Be Banned? | http://middleeast. about. com/u/ua/religionsectarianism/burqa-hijab-ban. htm| 14/03/2013| Book| Islam beliefs and teachings| Written by Ghulam Sarwar| 20/03/2013| Article| We too should ban the Burqa| http://www. telegraph. co. uk/comment/columnists/allison-pearson/8449101/We-too-should-b an-the-burka. html| 23/03/2013| Article| Europe must not ban the burka| http://www. guardian. co. uk/commentisfree/2010/mar/08/europe-ban-burqa-veil|

The Oddysey Land of the Dead

Oddyseus started to seak to the spirits of the promising to sacrifice his best cow before she had her calve. Then he promised to sacrifice a black lamb whick was the finest in his heard. After promising to sacrifice the animals he did it. The spirits started to gather at the edge of Erebus, the place where the dead reside. The spirits included those of the young and the old; male and female. There were also many warriors who were still in possesion of their armor and weaponry. The spirits started to try to escape from the pit of Erebus. Oddyseus told his men to skin the animal that they had killed and make them into offering for Hades and Persephone, the god and godess of the dead who reside in the underworld. He sat waiting with his sword out to defend himself from the from the spirits until he noticed te presence of Tieresias, a blind prophet from Thebes, who came forward and spoke to Oddyseus. Tieresias asked him why he was in the land of the dead and to put down his sword. Then the prophet said that he wanted to taste the blood of the sacrifice he had made. Oddyseus stepped aside and sheathed his sword and the prophet bent down to drink. Tiereseus then tells him that anguish and hardship lie ahead and that poseidon is the one that will cause it because Oddyseus blinded his son Polyphemos the cyclops. He then says that Oddyseus will pass through a narrow straight that will take him home, and that Oddyseus will reach Thrinakia, the land of Helio's grazing cattle, where the sun god sees and hears everything. He says to avoid the cattle of the sun god and to stick with trying to get home, but if you butcher the cattle there will be destruction of ship and crew and only you will survive. Tiereseus then says that he will reach home on an unfamiliar ship only to find that men are in you home eating your food and trying to marry your wife. He then says that Oddyseus will kill these men either by stealth or open combat. He then tells Oddyseus that he will travel by land and sea to a landlocked place. The spot will be plain to you he says and the people will ask what kind of wheat sowing device you have. He tell Oddyseus that he will then jam the device, his oar, into the ground. Oddyseus is then told to make a sacrific to poseidon in the form of a ram, bull, buck boar. He tells Oddyseus to then go home and kill 100 pure cattle in the name of poseidon and all the gods. The final thing that Oddyseus is toldis that he will receive an easy death at sea will come to him when he is old, and then the prophet says that all that he has just said will be true as his journey home takes place.